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nginx + php(fastcgi)搭建高性能web服务器[v1]

十一月 20th, 2009 at 18:23

本文在CentOS 5.1\5.3平台通过测试；最后修改于2009-11-26

  • 下载源码 (截止到2009年11月20日最新稳定版)
  • 安装 mysql
    • groupadd mysql
useradd mysql -g mysql -M -s /bin/false
tar zxvf mysql-5.1.40.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.40
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqld-user=mysql --without-debug --with-big-tables \ 
--with-charset=utf8 --with-collation=utf8_general_ci --with-extra-charsets=all --with-pthread \
--enable-static --enable-assembler --enable-local-infile --with-readline --with-ssl \
--enable-thread-safe-client --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static
make
make install
 
以下为附加步骤，如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库，则执行以下两步。
如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库，能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库，那么，以下两步无需执行。
 
1、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
 
2、加入开机自启动；并启动mysql
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chmod 700 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
service mysqld start
  • 安装GD库
      • 安装 zlib

      tar zxvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib
make
make install
cd ..

      安装 freetype

      tar zxvf freetype-2.3.8.tar.gz
cd freetype-2.3.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype
make
make install
cd ..

      安装 libpng

      tar zxvf libpng-1.2.35.tar.gz
cd libpng-1.2.35
cp scripts/makefile.linux makefile
make test
make install
cd ..

      安装 jpeg

      tar zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
cd jpeg-6b
mkdir /usr/local/jpeg
mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/bin
mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/lib
mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/include
mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/man
mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/man/man1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg --enable-shared --enable-static
make
make install
cd ..
 
在RHEL5 64 位下编译jpeg-6b时候报以下错误：
make: ./libtool: Command not found make: *** [jcapimin.lo] Error 127
错误分析：由于libtool版本过低导致的，进入jpeg-6b的源码目录，复制相关文件覆盖,然后重新configure。
cp /usr/share/libtool/config.sub .
cp /usr/share/libtool/config.guess .

      安装 gd

      依赖gettext,同时需要将-fPIC选项加入到Makefile的CFLAG中，大约230行。 
tar zxvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
cd gd-2.0.35
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd --with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype \
--with-png --with-zlib=/usr/local/zlib
make
make install
cd ..

      编译最新的2.0.35版本，make的时候出现以下错误:
      configure.ac:64: error: possibly undefined macro: AM_ICONV
      If this token and others are legitimate, please use m4_pattern_allow.
      See the Autoconf documentation.
      make: *** [configure] Error 1

      解决办法: configure的时候加上--enable-m4_pattern_allow参数;便能顺利编译安装

  • 安装 libiconv
    • tar zxvf libiconv-1.12.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.12
./configure
make
make install
cd ..
  • 安装 libmcrypt
    • tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure --disable-posix-threads
make
make check
make install
cd libltdl
ldconfig
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ..
  • 安装 mhash
    • tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9
./configure
make
make install
cd ..
  • 安装 mcrypt
    • tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib ./configure --with-libiconv-prefix
make
make install
cd ..

    configure时候出现如下错误:
    configure: error: "You need at least libmhash 0.8.15 to compile this program http://mhash.sf.net/"
    前面已经安装过mhash,初步分析为预编译的时候没找到lib文件所在的地址;
    所以在./configure前面加上LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib

  • 安装 libevent
    • tar -xzvf libevent-1.4.9-stable.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/libevent-1.4.9-stable/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
make
make install
cd ..
  • 安装 PHP(fastcgi模式)
    • tar zxvf php-5.2.11.tar.gz
生成 php-fpm补丁
tar zxvf php-fpm-0.6~5.2.11.tar.gz
php-fpm-0.6-5.2.11/generate-fpm-patch
 
安装Sohusin应用补丁
gzip -d suhosin-patch-5.2.11-0.9.7.patch.gz
cd php-5.2.11
patch -p 1 -i ../suhosin-patch-5.2.11-0.9.7.patch
cd ..
 
安装 php-fpm补丁
cd php-5.2.11
patch -p1 < ../fpm.patch
cd ..
 
cd php-5.2.11
./buildconf  --force
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql  --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg --with-png-dir \
--with-zlib=/usr/local/zlib --with-gd=/usr/local/gd --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent \
--enable-safe-mode --enable-sockets --with-gdbm=/usr/lib --with-iconv-dir --enable-mbstring \
--enable-mbregex --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-bcmath --with-mhash --with-mcrypt \
--enable-fastcgi --with-fpm --with-pear --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-shmop --enable-xml \
--enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --enable-pcntl --enable-discard-path --with-libxml-dir \
--enable-suhosin --enable-zip 
make
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cd ..

    # PHP-FPM 0.6 for PHP 5.2.11的编译开关从enable改为了with, 要做相应修改，同时要增加--with-libevent开关
    # 加上--enable-suhosin 韩国的PHP 守护神补丁

    安装PHP5扩展模块

      tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ..
 
tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ..
 
tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
make
make install
cd ..
 
tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.5.7-9.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.5.7-9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ..
 
tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz
cd imagick-2.3.0/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ..

      配置 PHP

      vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
查找 extension_dir = "./"
修改为 extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
extension = "imagick.so"
extension = "eaccelerator.so"
 
eaccelerator.shm_size="64"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/var/cache/eaccelerator"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
 
再查找output_buffering = Off
修改为output_buffering = On
 
创建eaccelerator缓存目录
mkdir -p /var/cache/eaccelerator
chmod 777 /var/cache/eaccelerator

    修改php-fpm.conf
    使用默认配置文件，根据实际情况调整几个参数即可
    max_children
    rlimit_files
    max_requests

    或者使用本站推荐配置文件；点此 查看

  • 安装 Nginx
    • tar jxvf pcre-8.0.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.0
./configure
make
make check
make install
cd ..
 
mkdir /var/cache/nginx
tar zxvf nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.7.51
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_body_temp \
--with-select_module --with-poll_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-debug \
--with-http_ssl_module --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp
make
make install
cd ..

    参考文章：张宴的 Nginx 0.8.x + PHP 5.2.10（FastCGI）搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服务器

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